Sick leave

# Sick Leave in Canada

Sick leave in Canada is governed primarily at the provincial level, with each province establishing its own minimum standards for paid and unpaid leave entitlements. There is no single federal sick leave requirement that applies uniformly across the country, though federally regulated industries fall under the Canada Labour Code.

Sick leave covers absences due to illness, injury, or medical appointments. Most provinces require employers to provide a minimum number of paid sick days annually, though the specific entitlement varies. For example, Ontario mandates three paid sick days per year, while British Columbia provides five days of paid leave (three paid by the employer, two paid by the provincial government). Other provinces such as Alberta and Saskatchewan do not legislate paid sick leave but may require unpaid leave provisions.

The governing authority depends on jurisdiction: provincial labour ministries administer provincial rules, while the Canada Labour Program oversees federally regulated sectors under Part III of the Canada Labour Code.

Recent changes have been significant. Ontario introduced its three-day paid sick leave requirement in 2018. British Columbia expanded its sick leave provisions in 2019. During the COVID-19 pandemic, several provinces temporarily enhanced sick leave access, though many of these emergency measures have since expired or been modified.

Employers must verify the specific requirements in each province where they operate, as obligations differ substantially. Payroll teams should document sick leave usage, ensure compliance with provincial minimums, and maintain clear policies communicating entitlements to employees. Failure to provide mandated sick leave can result in penalties and wage recovery claims.