Phone, internet, and coworking costs can be reimbursed, but tax treatment depends on usage logs and thresholds. Smaller amounts often remain non taxable, while higher amounts without proper logs may be treated as taxable allowances.
Employment in Germany
Germany has a statutory minimum wage equivalent to EUR 26700 per year. Employers typically face social security contributions around 22.05%, covering pension, health, care, unemployment, and accident insurance, with some elements capped at specific income levels. Employees contribute to pension, health, care, and unemployment insurance at a combined headline rate of 20.85–21.45%, also subject to caps. Income tax is progressive, with typical headline rates between 27–45%, and is withheld through payroll.
Onboarding time
We can help you get a new employee started in Germany fast. The minimum onboarding time we need is only 48 hours. Our team ensures fast, compliant employee onboarding and payroll processing. The onboarding timeline starts once the employee submits all required information via the NEO platform.
Payroll
German payroll contributions are shared between employer and employee, with both sides funding pension, health, care, and unemployment insurance, and employers additionally covering accident insurance. Several contributions are subject to income caps, so the effective rate can vary by salary level.
Employee social security contributions
| Component | Rate | Income cap (EUR) |
|---|---|---|
| Pension | 9.3% | 101400 |
| Health | 9.8% | 69750 |
| Care | 2.3% | 69750 |
| Unemployment | 1.3% | 101400 |
Employer social security contributions
| Component | Rate | Income cap (EUR) |
|---|---|---|
| Pension | 9.3% | 101400 |
| Health | 9.8% | 69750 |
| Care | 1.7% | 69750 |
| Unemployment | 1.3% | 101400 |
| Accident | 1.2% | No cap |
Minimum wages
Working hours
A standard full-time work schedule in Germany is based on a 40-hour workweek spread across Monday to Friday. This pattern underpins most employment contracts and overtime calculations.
Leave
German employees are entitled to paid time off and sick leave under defined policies. Paid time off accrues annually, while sick leave is available up to a capped number of days and may require medical certification after a short absence.
Paid time off
| Policy | Value |
|---|---|
| Accrual | 20 days per year |
| Carry-over of unused days | Not allowed |
Sick leave
| Policy | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum accrued days | 42 |
| Medical certificate required | Yes |
| Medical certificate after | 3 days of absence |
| Carry-over of unused days | Not allowed |
Public holidays
Germany observes several nationwide public holidays each year. These fixed and moveable holidays should be factored into workforce planning and scheduling.
Public holidays in 2026
| Date | Holiday |
|---|---|
| 2026-01-01 | New Year's Day |
| 2026-04-03 | Good Friday |
| 2026-04-06 | Easter Monday |
| 2026-05-01 | Labor Day |
| 2026-05-14 | Ascension Day |
| 2026-05-25 | Whit Monday |
| 2026-10-03 | German Unity Day |
| 2026-12-25 | Christmas Day |
| 2026-12-26 | Second Day of Christmas |
Expenses
Employees in Germany must submit expenses promptly. Current-year expenses must be submitted within 60 days of the expense date or within 30 days after returning from a business trip, whichever is later, and prior-year expenses are not accepted after February 1 of the following year.
| Expense Type | Action and deadline |
|---|---|
| Current year's expenses | Submit within 60 days of expense or 30 days after return from travel |
| Prior year's expenses | Submit by February 1 of the following year |
Screenshots are not accepted as valid supporting documentation for expenses. For higher-value items, documentation requirements become stricter above EUR 250, and tax invoices generally must be issued to the employer and include the employer’s name and address; EU invoices should also show the vendor’s VAT ID.
Communication and workspace
| Expense | Taxation |
|---|---|
| Phone subscription: business and private use | Non taxable under EUR 20 without log; non taxable with 3‑month business calls log; over EUR 20 without log is taxable and reclassified as allowance |
| Phone subscription: business use only | Non taxable if supported by calls log for the period with all business-related calls |
| Internet subscription | Under EUR 50 non taxable; over EUR 50 reclassified as taxable allowance |
| Coworking | Non taxable |
Equipment and supplies
Laptops, office equipment and supplies, software subscriptions, and postal charges are reimbursable when properly documented. These items are treated as non taxable business expenses.
- Laptop
- Office equipment
- Office supplies
- Software subscription
- Postal charges
Travel
A wide range of travel-related costs can be reimbursed on a non taxable basis when supported by appropriate documentation, including insurance, visas, transport, accommodation, and local travel. Mileage is reimbursed at a fixed rate per kilometer, and parking and tolls are also covered.
| Expense | Taxation |
|---|---|
| Business travel insurance | Non taxable |
| Visa fee | Non taxable |
| Accommodation | Non taxable |
| Flight | Non taxable |
| Taxi or rideshare | Non taxable |
| Train | Non taxable |
| Public transport | Non taxable |
| Car rental | Non taxable |
| Fuel | Non taxable |
| Mileage | Non taxable reimbursement of EUR 0.30 per kilometer |
| Parking or toll fees | Non taxable |
Meals and entertainment
Meal and entertainment costs are generally non taxable when incurred for business purposes and properly documented. Regular meals during business travel, groceries, and meals with clients or partners can all be reimbursed on this basis, with business travel needing to be clearly indicated for travel meals.
- Breakfast, lunch and dinner during business travel
- Groceries
- Meal with client or partner
Other expenses
Training, courses, books, and professional events such as seminars are reimbursable as non taxable expenses when supported by the required documentation.
- Training, courses, and books
- Events such as seminars
Per diem
Employers may pay a per diem to cover meals during business travel. Per diems are non taxable up to government limits, but employees who receive a per diem cannot also claim personal meal or grocery expenses for the same trip.
Screen eyewear
Under EU rules, employers must reimburse protective eyewear and eye exams when needed for screen work, based on medical or health and safety assessment. These reimbursements are non taxable, with an annual limit for eyewear and eye exams combined.
| Expense | Taxation | Limit |
|---|---|---|
| Screen eyewear | Non taxable | Up to EUR 200 per year |
| Eye exam | Non taxable | Included in the annual limit |
Allowances
In Germany, allowances are one-time or recurring benefits paid in addition to salary and are treated as taxable income unless specifically stated otherwise. Employers can request that allowances be grossed up so the employee receives a target net amount, but this may require small corrections in later payrolls because gross calculations are only estimates.
All listed allowances are discretionary and may be offered to one or more employees at the employer’s choice. They are processed manually and are taxable.
- Work From Home Allowance
- Gym Membership
- Medical Insurance
- Life Insurance
- Wellness
- Medical Cost
- Relocation
- Utilities
Termination
German employment contracts typically include both a probationary period and a notice period for termination. Probation allows for more flexibility early in the relationship, while the standard notice period applies once probation has ended.
Probation and notice
| Policy | Value |
|---|---|
| Initial probation period | Up to 180 days |
| Notice period after probation | At least 14 days |